PM&R
Volume 1, Issue 11 , Pages 1014-1018 , November 2009

The Effect of an Ankle-Foot Orthosis on Temporal Spatial Parameters and Asymmetry of Gait in Hemiparetic Patients

  • Alberto Esquenazi, MD

      Affiliations

    • Gait and Motion Analysis Laboratory, MossRehab, Elkins Park, PA†
    • ,
  • Demet Ofluoglu, MD

      Affiliations

    • Gait and Motion Analysis Laboratory, MossRehab, Elkins Park, PA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Camlica Alman Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey‡
    • ,
  • Barbara Hirai, BS

      Affiliations

    • Gait and Motion Analysis Laboratory, MossRehab, Elkins Park, PA§
    • ,
  • Stella Kim, MPA

      Affiliations

    • Gait and Motion Analysis Laboratory, MossRehab, 60 E Township Line Road, Elkins Park, PA 19027
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: S.K.

Received 6 May 2009 ,Accepted 22 September 2009.

References 

  1. Esquenazi A, Hirai B. Assessment of gait and orthotic prescription. Phys Med Rehab Clin North Am. 1991;2:473–485
  2. Esquenazi A, Hirai B. Gait analysis in stroke and head injury. In:  Craik RL,  Oatis CA editor. Gait Analysis Theory and Application. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby; 1995;p. 412–419
  3. Waters RL. Energy expenditure. In:  Perry J editors. Gait Analysis Normal and Pathological Function. Thorofare, NJ: Slack; 1992;p. 443–489
  4. Olney SJ, Griffin MP, McBride ID. Temporal, kinematic and kinetic variables related to gait speed in subjects with hemiplegia: A regression approach. Physical Ther. 1994;74:872–885
  5. Patterson KK, Parafianowicz I, Danells CJ, et al. Gait Asymmetry in community-ambulating stroke survivors. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;89:304–310
  6. Cionni M, Esquenazi A, Hirai B. Effects of botulinum toxin-a on gait velocity, step length and base of support of patients with dynamic equinovarus foot. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2006;85:600–606
  7. Wall JC, Ashburn A. Assessment of gait disability in hemiplegics. Scan J Rehabil Med. 1979;11:95–103In: Wall JC, Turnbull GI. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1986;67:550-553.
  8. Esquenazi A. l Computerized gait analysis for rehabilitation and surgical planning in upper motor neuron syndrome. Eur Med Phys. 1999;35:111–118
  9. Hesse S, Werner C, Matthias K, et al. Non-velocity-related effects of a rigid double-stopped ankle-foot orthosis on gait and lower limb muscle activity of hemiparetic subjects with an equinovarus deformity. Stroke. 1999;30:1855–1861
  10. Condie E, Bowers RJ. Lower limb orthoses for persons who have had a stroke. In:  Hsu JD,  Michael JW,  Fisk JR editor. AAOS Atlas of Orthoses and Assistive Devices. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier; 2008;p. 433–440
  11. Lin PY, Yang YR, Cheng SJ, Wang Ry. The relation between ankle impairments and gait velocity and symmetry in people with stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006;87:562–568
  12. Chen CL, Yeung KT, Wang CH, et al. Anterior ankle-foot orthosis effects on postural stability in hemiplegic patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;80:1587–1592
  13. Hsu AL, Tang PF, Jan MH. Analysis of impairments influencing gait velocity and asymmetry of hemiplegic patients after mild to moderate stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84:1185–1193
  14. Yavuzer G, Karakus BK, Stam HJ. The effects of balance training on gait late after stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2006;20:960–969
  15. Esquenazi A. Falls and fractures in older post-stroke patients with spasticity: consequences and drug treatment considerations. Clin Geriatr. 2004;12:27–35
  16. Gok H, Kucukdeveci A, Altinkaynak H, Yavuzer G, Ergin S. Effects of ankle-foot orthoses on hemiparetic gait. Clin Rehabil. 2003;17:137–139
  17. Pohl M, Mehrholz J. Immediate effects of an individually designed functional ankle-foot orthosis on stance and gait in hemiparetic patients. Clin Rehabil. 2006;20:324–330
  18. Tyson SF, Thornton HA. The effect of a hinged ankle foot orthosis on hemiplegic gait: Objective measures and users' opinions. Clin Rehabil. 2001;15:53–58
  19. Adams JM, Perry J. Gait analysis: Clinical application. In:  Rose J,  Gamble JG editor. Human Walking. Balitmore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1994;p. 141–163
  20. Barker S, Craik R, Freedman W, et al. Accuracy, reliability, and validity of a spatiotemporal gait analysis system. Med Eng Phys. 2006;28:460–467

 Disclosure Key can be found on the Table of Contents and at www.pmrjournal.org

PII: S1934-1482(09)01368-9

doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.09.012

PM&R
Volume 1, Issue 11 , Pages 1014-1018 , November 2009

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