PM&R
Volume 1, Issue 6 , Pages 524-529 , June 2009

Objective Assessment of Functional Ambulation in Adults with Hemiplegia using Ankle Foot Orthotics after Stroke

  • Karen J. Nolan, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Kessler Foundation Research Center, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ 07052; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UMDNJ - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ†
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: K.J.N.
    • ,
  • Krupa K. Savalia, BS

      Affiliations

    • Kessler Foundation Research Center, West Orange, NJ‡
    • ,
  • Anthony H. Lequerica, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Kessler Foundation Research Center, West Orange, NJ; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UMDNJ - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ§
    • ,
  • Elie P. Elovic, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. Formerly: Kessler Foundation Research Center, West Orange, NJ; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UMDNJ - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ

Received 21 January 2009 ,Accepted 28 April 2009.

References 

  1. American Heart Association. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics - 2008 Update. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association; 2008;
  2. de Vries J. Evaluation of lower leg orthosis use following cerebro-vascular accident. Int J Rehabil Res. 1991;14:239–243
  3. Jutai J, Coulson S, Teasell R, et al. Mobility assistive device utilization in a prospective study of patients with first-ever stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88:1268–1275
  4. Bohannon RW, Horton MG, Wikholm JB. Importance of four variables of walking to patients with stroke. Int J Rehabil Res. 1991;14:246–250
  5. Bohannon RW, Andrews AW, Smith MB. Rehabilitation goals of patients with hemiplegia. Int J Rehabil Res. 1988;11:181–183
  6. Leonard JA, Esquenazi A, Fisher SV, Hicks JE, Meier RH, Nelson VS. Prosthetics, orthotics, and assistive devices (1. General concepts). Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1989;70(5-S):S195–S201
  7. Coleman KL, Smith DG, Boone DA, Joseph AW, del Aguila MA. Step activity monitor: long-term, continuous recording of ambulatory function. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1999;36:8–18
  8. Perry J, Garrett M, Gronley JK, Mulroy SJ. Classification of walking handicap in the stroke population. Stroke. 1995;26:982–989
  9. Leung J, Moseley A. Impact of ankle-foot orthoses on gait and leg muscle activity in adults with hemiplegia: Systematic literature review. Physiotherapy. 2003;89:39–55
  10. Fulk GD, Echternach JL. Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change of gait speed in individuals undergoing rehabilitation after stroke. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2008;32:8–13
  11. Cohen JJ, Sveen JD, Walker JM, Brummel-Smith K. Establishing a criteria for community ambulation. Top Geriatr Rehabil. 1987;3:71–77
  12. Lerner-Frankiel MB, Vargas S, Brown M, Krusell L, Schoneberger W. Functional community ambulation: What are your criteria?. Clin Manage. 1986;6:12–15
  13. Fulk GD, Echternach JL, Nof L, O'Sullivan S. Clinometric properties of the six-minute walk test in individuals undergoing rehabilitation poststroke. Physiother Theory Pract. 2008;24:195–204
  14. Bohannon RW. Gait performance of hemiparetic stroke patients: selected variables. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1987;68:777–781
  15. Bohannon RW. Selected determinants of ambulatory capacity in patients with hemiplegia. Clin Rehabil. 1989;3:47–53
  16. Hauser SL, Dawson DM, Lehrich JR, et al. Intensive immunosuppression in progressive multiple sclerosis (A randomized, three-arm study of high-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide, plasma exchange, and ACTH). N Engl J Med. 1983;308:173–180
  17. De Quervain IA, Simon SR, Leurgans S, Pease WS, McAllister D. Gait pattern in the early recovery period after stroke. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996;78:1506–1514
  18. Blessey RL, Hislop HJ, Waters RL, Antonelli D. Metabolic energy cost of unrestrained walking. Phys Ther. 1976;56:1019–1024
  19. Holden MK, Gill KM, Magliozzi MR. Gait assessment for neurologically impaired patients (Standards for outcome assessment). Phys Ther. 1986;66:1530–1539
  20. Teasell RW, McRae MP, Foley N, Bhardwaj A. Physical and functional correlations of ankle-foot orthosis use in the rehabilitation of stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82:1047–1049

 The contents of this publication were developed under a grant from the Department of Education, NIDRR grant number H133P020012. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government.

 Supported by the Department of Education National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (grant no. H133P020012), New Balance Athletic Shoe, Inc, and Kessler Foundation.

 Disclosure Key can be found on the Table of Contents and at www.pmrjournal.org

PII: S1934-1482(09)00439-0

doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.04.011

PM&R
Volume 1, Issue 6 , Pages 524-529 , June 2009

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