PM&R
Volume 1, Issue 1 , Pages 50-54 , January 2009

Intrarater and Interrater Reliability of the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS)

  • Jonathan T. Finnoff, DO

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905⁎
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: J.T.F.
    • ,
  • Valerie J. Peterson, ATC

      Affiliations

    • Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN⁎
    • ,
  • John H. Hollman, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN⁎
    • ,
  • Jay Smith, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN⁎

Received 23 April 2008 ,Accepted 16 June 2008.

References 

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sports-related recurrent brain injuries: United States. JAMA. 1997;277:1190–1191
  2. Proctor M, Cantu RC. Head and neck injuries in young athletes. Clin Sports Med. 2000;19:693–715
  3. Riemann B, Guskiewicz KM, Shields EW. Relationship between clinical and forceplate measures of postural stability. J Sport Rehabil. 1999;8:71–82
  4. Guskiewicz K. Assessment of postural stability following sport-related concussion. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2003;2:24–30
  5. Guskiewicz K. Postural stability assessment following concussion: one piece of the puzzle. Clin J Sport Med. 2001;11:182–189
  6. Register-Mihalik J, Guskiewicz KM, Douglas-Mann J, Shields EW. The effects of headache on clinical measures of neurocognitive function. Clin J Sport Med. 2007;17:282–288
  7. Valovich-McLeod T, Perrin DH, Guskiewicz KM, Shultz SJ, Diamond R, Gansneder BM. Serial administration of clinical concussion assessments and learning effects in healthy young athletes. Clin J Sport Med. 2004;14:287–295
  8. McCrea M, Guskiewicz KM, Marshall SW, et al. Acute effects and recovery time following concussion in collegiate football players: the NCAA concussion study. JAMA. 2003;290:2556–2563
  9. Riemann B, Guskiewicz KM. Effects of mild head injury on postural stability as measured through clinical balance testing. J Athl Train. 2000;35:19–25
  10. Guskiewicz K, Ross SE, Marshall SW. Postural stability and neuropsychological deficits after concussion in collegiate athletes. J Athl Train. 2001;36:263–273
  11. Docherty C, Valovich McLeod TC, Shultz SJ. Postural control deficits in participants with functional ankle instability as measured by the balance error scoring system. Clin J Sport Med. 2006;16:203–208
  12. Shrout P, Fleiss JL. Intraclass correlations: uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychol Bull. 1979;86:420–428
  13. Hicks G, George SZ, Nevitt MA, Cauley JA, Vogt MT. Measurement of lumbar lordosis: interrater reliability, minimum detectable change and longitudinal variation. J Spin Disord Tech. 2006;19:501–506
  14. Statistical measures of reliability. In: Portney L, MP Watkins, eds. Foundations of Clinical Research: Applications to Practice. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall; 2000:557–586.

 Disclosure Key can be found on the Table of Contents and at www.pmrjournal.org

PII: S1934-1482(08)00005-1

doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2008.06.002

PM&R
Volume 1, Issue 1 , Pages 50-54 , January 2009

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